Money - yet a success guarantee. On the contrary, superfluous commercialization can harm to medical branch, the American experts are assured.

Experts notice that the average indicator of expenses on public health services hides a real inequality of different layers of the population of the USA concerning their possibility to use medical aid. Ministry of Health of the United States certifies that people with low level of incomes die before rich men.

The basic figure in medical branch of America - the doctor who has obtained the license for a private practice. All is constructed round it. Often doctor, in effect, is the small company - it can have a office, diagnostic equipment, some premises for survey of patients, the registration and financial personnel.

The American patients are accustomed to have legal proceedings with doctors and often win claims. Possibility of such incidents also is put in cost of medical services.

The hospital is already big medical institution which has expensive equipment and a hospital. Almost all hospitals in the USA receive grants from the state budget. The hospital can have certain quantity of regular doctors, besides, also private doctors there work. If the private doctor-expert sees that its patient needs hospitalization, he reserves a place in hospital, operational, services of some doctors and so forth.

In modern America set of versions of medical insurances. To understand to the ordinary American them it is uneasy. In the American press it is often possible to hear thought that a similar disorder only on advantage to the insurance companies - the less their users have information, the defend the rights less.

The most popular systems of insurance in the USA are so-called PPO and HMO.

The insurance extends on all family, instead of on its one member. However the size of monthly payments depends on quantity of members of a family. Physicians should adhere to the price-list for the services, fill papers, etc. Often doctors take part at once in several tens insurance programs - to involve more patients. Hospitals, drugstores and laboratories can be participants of networks of the insurance companies also.

It is necessary to consider that any insurance in America doesn't defray all expenses. All the same it is necessary to pay from own pocket. For example, for each visit to the doctor it is necessary to state defined, though also small, the sum. Generally condanguinity it is necessary to pay the certain period of stay in hospital. The most part of expenses on treatment is covered nevertheless with the insurance company. The sums astronomical - about 900 dollars for the first day of stay in hospital, on 400 - for everyone following. The majority of Americans for the second-third day even after operative measures try to get home.

Patients select to themselves the doctor from the list which is given at entering in an insurance network.

If there was a requirement for medical aid outside of staff - on business trip or on rest, - the insurance company won't pay cent. It is necessary or to be insured separately for such a case, or to pay from own pocket. Other forms of the insurance can have more than severe constraints. For example, to limit payments for a year to the certain sum. Any more won't give, though die. Certainly, the more expensive insurance, the is more than services it provides. Cheap, generally, have very small choice of doctors which are overloaded and refuse to take new patients.

As a whole the patient with any insurance should pay in addition, but these sums, though and not small, but also not the catastrophic. Besides it is possible to pay them gradually, in the form of the interest-free credit.

With fee sometimes there are problems - the insurance companies detain agents., Of course, it isn't pleasant to doctors. Formally they have no right to refuse to the patient, however it is all the same reflected in the relation. As a whole, it is a lot of bureaucratism, and from time to time there are loud "safety" scandals.

To receive the insurance generally it is possible on work - in the USA there is no system of nation-wide medical insurance. The choice isn't rich - some plans of one insurance company. However the employer pays a share of payments, sometimes even 100 percent. Though it is faster an exception, than a rule. Workers bring certain percent from the salary, and this sum is considered to payment of taxes. It is voluntary possible to pay one more insurance which will defray those expenses which aren't calculated by the basic.

However if agents aren't used till the end of the year, they will be confiscated by the state. Therefore it is a lot of Americans before Christmas disturbed not acquisition of gifts, and purchase of the medical goods.

With loss of work Americans lose also medical insurance. It is possible to agree with the former employer to prolong for some months its term and to pay already all sum independently. Certainly, the majority of the unemployed can't allow itself of it.

If the person can't pay the insurance, however needs treatment, there is a government program. It also paid and to receive it is uneasy. Separate programs exist for children, pregnant, invalids and older persons which are limited in agents.

In first aid are obliged to accept all who needs it, and to treat to a stable condition. However stabilization - not recover. Patients without the insurance and privileges are compelled to pay for years the treatment, and sometimes even through court to declare bankruptcy.