Farm fencing is a physical barrier used to control the travel of animals in or around a farm. This type of structure keeps livestock within the confines of a paddock or field, or wild animals from entering and preying on livestock. While this varies in terms of design and materials, the average fence is roughly 4 feet (1.2 m) high.

This type of fencing can be costly, particularly when used in covering a large farming area. Despite the expense, landowners know this is an investment that must be made and maintained. Quality fencing keeps stock in and helps maintain peace among neighboring land owners, and protects gardens or crop fields from hungry farm animals.

The use of rural fencing is often regulated by local laws and ordinances. At one time, much of the world's livestock was permitted to roam freely and graze. Eventually, as populations grew, some municipalities began to use this method to keep animals from wandering onto roads and causing accidents. This soon led landowners to eventually contain and control their farm animals away from nearby private properties. In some areas, private landowners are still required to install their own rural fencing to protect their land from wandering wildlife.

Wire fencing is commonly used in many parts of the world. The wire is supported by wooden or metal fence posts, installed at a high tension to add strength and durability. Some farmers may also use barbed wire or electric fencing to keep animals from leaning on the fence, and for added protection from predators. For smaller animals, a farmer may use woven wire mesh, which is constructed in a net-like pattern to keep sheep or goats from passing between the wires.

In cases where larger animals may be present, wire fencing may be insufficient. Instead, wood or composite materials are used for added strength and support. Wood fencing is usually strong enough to withstand a charging horse or cattle, and may prove difficult for one to jump over than small wire fencing. Vinyl or composite fences offer the same benefits, but require much less maintenance and tend to have a longer lifespan than wood. Both wood and vinyl are much more expensive than wire fencing, and may be restricted to smaller applications where the cost is not quite as prohibitive.

Farmers have considerable investments of time and money invested in their farming operation. Many small farmers work all hours, and generally involve their spouse and children in the operation of the farm. Failure to invest in good fencing can have disastrous consequences. Without durable fencing, a farmer runs the risk of losing livestock or fowl to predators; has to constantly repair and maintain whatever farm fencing he has currently installed. In other words, farmers need excellent long-lasting fencing to ensure smooth farm operation.

The type of fencing farmers should choose may depend on several different factors. They have to consider the fencing purpose, whether it should be decorative as well as functional. And lastly, budget should be taken into account. Keeping these factors in mind will help farmers determine which type of fencing is right for them.