The causes of cellulite are not well understood, but there are several theories that have been put forth as explanations. Among these are:

• Hormonal factors - hormones likely play an important role in cellulite development. Many believe estrogen, insulin, noradrenaline, thyroid hormones, and prolactin are part of the cellulite production process.

• Genetics - certain genes are required for cellulite development. Genes may predispose an individual to particular characteristics associated with cellulite, such as gender, race, slow metabolism, distribution of fat just underneath the skin, and circulatory insufficiency.

• Diet - people who eat too much fat, carbohydrates, or salt and too little fiber are likely to have greater amounts of cellulite.

• Lifestyle factors - cellulite may be more prevalent in smokers, those who do not exercise, and those who sit or stand in one position for long periods of time.

The precise cause of cellulite is most likely a combination of factors. We have already looked at the structure of the hypodermis layer and explored differences that are inherent in women. We now know from numerous studies that each of the four stages in cellulite formation is distinguished by changes in the molecular and structural level. Now we must examine what is the trigger mechanism and what is orchestrating this condition known as cellulite.

According to Drs. Sherwitz and Braun Falco (Reference: 3), one of the causes of the rippling effect of cellulite is fluid retention in adipose tissue. They noted that, along with an engorgement of fat cells, cellulite tissue showed clear evidence of fluid invasion in the connective tissue fibers of the upper layers of skin. They concluded that not only do the retained fluids cause visible swelling of thighs, hips and abdomen, but that the toxic wastes the fludis contain break down collagen and elastin fibers that help to keep the skin smooth and firm.

Further studies by Drs. Nurmberger and Muller confirm this finding and indicate that there is a definite decrease in the number of elastin and collagen fibers in cellulite tissue. It is believed that, as we age, these structural proteins generally begin to stiffen and lose their flexibility. Engorging fat cells, accumulated fluids and toxins and poor circulation can exacerbate the loss of firmness. All of these factors are believed to contribute to the formation of cellulite.

While the actual cause of cellulite is the result of a breakdown in the connective fibers, one must remember that the reason for this breakdown is most likely a decline in the circulatory system. Although toxic accumulation and fluid retention certainly are major contributing factors to cellulite formation, it is poor circulation (blood and lymphatic flow) that ultimately creates the right environment for cellulite formation. Loss of circulation to an area – whether caused by lack of exercise, too much sitting, clogged arteries or nutrient deficiency – can have a serious impact and accelerate cellulite formation. That is why cellulite generally appears in areas that have poor circulation; unfortunately, once it forms it slows circulation in an area even more.