Male infertility has long been a source of concern for many couples around the world. Even while poor sperm quality and quantity may be the primary causes of male infertility, a guy may still be unable to produce enough ejaculate even after engaging in unprotected intercourse. TESA and PESA are the most efficient treatments for problems such as azoospermia, vasectomy, and testicular tube obstructions. A small needle is used in two less invasive procedures called percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) to remove sperm from a man's testicles.

What is TESA and PESA?

Males with low sperm production can use the TESA and PESA sperm retrieval techniques.

In the semen, there may be fewer sperm (oligospermia), fewer mobile sperm (asthenospermia), or no sperm at all (Azoospermia). Infertility results from a person's inability to conceive through her partner as a result of these defective sperm. However, this can be resolved by using such sperm extraction techniques, separating the healthy sperm, and then using them for IVF (in vitro fertilization). Male infertility is treated using various sperm extraction techniques, such as TESA, PESA, MESA, and TESE.

PESA Treatment (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration)

This method is the easiest of all. When the testicle is normally producing sperm but they are unable to exit, this procedure is used. Any blockage in the vas deferens may be the cause. In this procedure, the fluid is sucked after a needle is inserted into the epididymis' head. The sperm are then separated from the fluid and used for IVF or ICSI after this fluid is sent to the lab.

TESA Treatment (Testicular Sperm Aspiration)

This is comparable to the PESA approach in that only a needle is used and no incisions are made. A needle is used to aspirate the fluid from the testicles. The syringe, which is connected to the needle, is where the fluid is collected. The lab receives this and uses it for IVF and ICSI.

In cases with non-obstructive azoospermia, a different sperm retrieval method called Micro TESE or Micro TESA is used.

Recovery

Recovery from TESA and PESA only requires one day because they are both outpatient procedures. The patient is typically instructed to wear form-fitting pants after the surgeries to support the scrotum. Additionally, the patient receives a dose of painkillers. The patient is typically permitted to leave the hospital or clinic on the same day because it is minimally invasive.

Benefits of TESA and PESA

Most infertile men typically believe they are sterile and will never be able to become pregnant. Most of them fail to consider the potential that they could be suffering from a condition that stops sperm from leaving their reproductive system after ejaculation. PESA and TESA will locate the specific site of the issue and fix it by using a small needle to harvest sperm from the testicles or epididymis. A man will be able to conceive his spouse using in vitro fertilization thanks to it, however, it might ache a little.