Acne is a combined term that is used to describe a number of skin conditions, like blackheads, blemishes, lumps, and whiteheads. Teenagers and adults can have acne. Stress, hormonal activity, bacteria, steroids, and overactive glands can cause acne.

The various forms of acne are:

Blackheads – due to melanin pigment

Whiteheads – due to the bacteria inside a blocked pore

Papules – are tiny, tender and red spots.

Pustules – are red spots filled with pus, and inflamed.

Nodules – are bumps under the skin which are large and hard.

Cysts – are nodules accompanied by severe inflammation and infection.

The different types of acne include:

ACNE VULGARIS: is a chronic inflammatory condition wherein fluid (sebum) is created by overactive oil and sweat glands.

ACNE ROSEACA: is similar to acne vulgaris, but people also experience skin flushing and a general redness of the area. Sufferers should avoid spicy food and alcohol.

ACNE COSMETICA: is due to the prolonged use of cosmetics, especially those containing isopropyl myristate or greasy ingredients such as lanolin. The best treatment is to stop using the cosmetic causing the acne.

ACNE EXCORIEE: is caused when the skin is damaged by the fingernails and unable to heal due to persistent scratching, which leaves a broad, shallow scar.

CYSTIC ACNE: Cystic acne usually occurs in males. It generally persists beyond 20 years of age and may lead to permanent scarring. This type of Acne can be medically treated with a specialist’s advice.

OCCUPATIONAL ACNE: This is a common condition suffered by motor mechanics who are frequently exposed to oils and grease.

CLIMATE CHANGE: Changes of climate can cause acne, particularly when one moves to a warm climate from a cool one. This is because warm skin releases more oils and sweat, to keep the body cool. One should use a light moisturizer and cleanse the skin regularly.