Prostate cancer is the second most common form of cancer found in U.S. men. The American Cancer Society states that there are usually a quarter million cases of prostate cancer diagnosed annually and of them about 10% will be fatal. A walnut-sized gland found only in men is called the prostate which is located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum.

The tube that carries urine, called the urethra runs through the prostate. The gland is vital to the production of sperm because it contains cells that help produce semen, which allows sperm to grow. When malignant cells form and spread through the prostate gland this is when prostate cancer occurs. The malignant cells develop when changes occur in DNA. If DNA is altered in any way the cells can start growing at rapid speeds and crowd out normal cells in which the end result is cancer.

Research has indicated several factors that might contribute to this disease including family history, advancing age, race (African-American men are more likely than white men to get the disease and Asian men are the least likely). Other linking factors include a diet that is high in fat and not consuming enough fruits and vegetables.

In early prostate cancer there are no symptoms and the real only method of detection is through routine screening tests. Usually the first symptoms that would appear are a slow or weak urinary stream or the need to urinate more often. Symptoms of advanced prostate cancer include blood in the urine, impotence, loss of bladder or bowel control, and pain in the pelvis, spine, hips or ribs. Prostate cancer prevention is difficult because there is so little known about it. The best evidence available relates to dietary habits. It is best that all men enjoy a balanced diet that is low in fat and high in fruits, vegetables and whole grains.

According to the American Cancer Society, men age 50 and older who do not have any major medical problems should receive prostate cancer screening annually. Screening should begin at age 45. Digital rectal exams can also help diagnose prostate cancer. During the exam, the doctor can check for bumps on the surface of the prostate, swelling or other signs of possible cancer. If certain symptoms or the results of early detection tests have raised the possibility of prostate cancer, biopsies and possibly other tests will be performed to confirm a diagnosis.