Russia is the biggest country in the world, stretching across ten time zones and two continents. It has a long and interesting history, including times of royalty, communism, and emerging capitalism. Russia has endured tremendous changes over the centuries, as well as tremendous damage and loss during World War II. Its people are resilient and strong, though, and invariably offer visitors their unrestricted hospitality.

Famous cities and heritage

Russia is truly a large melting pot of ethnic backgrounds and cultures. There really is no single Russian culture, but rather a collection of diverse cultures that all contribute to the unique characteristics of the country. All across the country there are famous cities that personify the many different influences on Russia over the centuries.

One of the most famous cities in Russia is Moscow, the capital city. There you will find many historic and notable sights, including historic palaces and golden-domed churches. Another very famous place to visit in Russia is the Kremlin and of course the nearby Red Square. St Basil's Cathedral and the Moscow Circus are also worth taking the time to visit.

St Petersburg is the second largest city and home to a breathtaking attraction for those who appreciate the arts. The State Hermitage is an enormous place where literally thousands and thousands of works of art are housed. It is thought by many to be one of the largest art collections in the world. Another interesting site is Petrodvorets, also known as Peter the Great's summer palace. This beautiful structure is elegant and charming, famous for its spectacular fountains and gardens. If you want to catch a glimpse of Russian ballet theater, be sure to catch a performance of the ballet at the Mussorgsky Theater.

Getting there and getting around

There are literally hundreds of initial destinations to choose in Russia, most of which are served by a variety of air carriers. The international airport just outside of Moscow - Sheremetyevo Airport - is probably the busiest airport in the country and the one most often chosen by visitors as a starting point for their location. Russia is also accessible by a variety of rail lines and ferry services from major cities in Europe.

Once you get to Russia, an excellent way to see the country is on the Trans-Siberian Railway. At over 6,000 miles, it is the world's longest railway, stretching from Moscow to Vladivostock in the East. The train route takes you through the vast frozen wilderness of Siberia and past Lake Baikal, the world's deepest lake. This lake holds an amazing 20% of all of the fresh water in the world, and the surrounding mountains are great for hiking and exploration.

If you prefer a warmer vacation destination in Russia, take a short flight or a rail trip to the beaches of Russia's many Black Sea resorts. There you will find hot weather, relaxation, and other wonderful activities all against the spectacular backdrop of the Caucasus Mountains.

What to pack for Russia

The clothing you should pack for a vacation in Russia depends entirely on where you plan to go and the time of year you plan to be there. The northern areas are notorious frigid and snowy in the wintertime, while the areas in and around the Black Sea are much more moderate and comfortable.

A good approach is to do some research in advance to find out the general kind of weather to expect and pack accordingly. It is always helpful to brings several layers of clothing that can be adjusted quickly according to local conditions.